Based on the continuous development of mobile communication network technology, the communication field gradually transitions from 4G communication technology to 5G communication technology, which further improves the communication efficiency and quality. As an important infrastructure to ensure the quality of communication, the base station needs to implement regular maintenance to ensure the stability of the system equipment and system operation of the base station room, so as to comprehensively improve the quality of mobile communication service. However, the traditional maintenance methods of mobile communication base stations have been unable to meet the application needs of 5G communication technology, and once the base station failure problem occurs, it will produce major communication accidents and cause serious economic losses. Based on this, this paper analyzes the importance of mobile communication base station operation and maintenance work, and puts forward innovative base station operation and maintenance schemes and operation and maintenance safeguard measures to provide reference for improving the operational stability of mobile communication base stations.