In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of air traffic positioning, this paper studies a real-time positioning data augmentation method based on satellite communication, which achieves high-precision positioning and anti-interference capability through wide area differential positioning, Kalman filter data fusion, and satellite link optimization. The method proposed in the paper has significant advantages in complex airspace environments, and its positioning accuracy and real-time performance meet the requirements of air traffic control, providing strong support for air traffic monitoring.