This paper proposes five specific optimization measures based on existing technologies from the perspective of safety optimization of rail transit signal systems: machine learning based fault prediction and adaptive maintenance, low latency wireless communication technology application, multi-sensor fusion and automated driving technology optimization, intelligent signal scheduling and congestion warning system optimization, and intelligent safety monitoring system optimization based on big data analysis. By introducing advanced technological means and optimizing the existing architecture of the rail transit signal system, the safety, operational efficiency, and emergency response capabilities of the rail transit system can be effectively improved. The research in this paper provides theoretical basis and technical support for further safety improvement of rail transit signal systems.