With the surge in network traffic and the diversification of communication demands, traditional communication technologies urgently need efficient electronic information engineering techniques to improve network performance. This paper focuses on key technologies such as high-speed signal processing, advanced transmission technology, and network resource scheduling, and explores their applications in 5G, ultra-low latency communication, and intelligent manufacturing. The use of technological innovation in communication technology can improve communication efficiency while meeting the needs of multi scenario applications, thereby promoting the development of communication networks towards higher efficiency and intelligence. This is of great significance for the research and application of future communication technologies.