The right to online privacy is not only a new form of personal privacy in the online world, but also an important component of the ethical and legal construction of the online society. This paper deeply analyzes the connotation of online privacy rights and explores the subtle differences between them and traditional privacy rights, in order to provide new perspectives for people to understand and protect this right. Faced with the severe challenge of protecting online privacy rights, it is necessary to work together and cooperate from various aspects such as the country, network operators, and network users, in order to build a comprehensive and effective protection framework.