In the continuous development of network bandwidth and computer hardware, Chinas 5G infrastructure construction is becoming increasingly perfect, and traditional PCs are gradually being replaced by cloud desktops in this process. This paper uses literature research and case analysis methods to introduce cloud desktop and cloud desktop system architecture, analyze the solution of distributed storage under cloud desktop architecture, and analyze the application advantages of distributed storage cloud desktop with practical case studies. The research results indicate that distributed storage cloud desktops have advantages such as high security, strong mobile office capabilities, high availability, low maintenance costs, efficient resource utilization, and high cost-effectiveness, which can effectively support enterprise information construction work.